Edward I

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Edward I (1239-1307) King of England (1272-1307):

The elder son of Henry III and Eleanor of Provence, the 'Hammer of the Scots'. He was first married to Eleanor of Castile who gave him sixteen children. On her death, Edward erected twelve Eleanor crosses on the way from Lincoln to Westminster. In 1299 he married the sister of king Philip II, Margaret of France, with whom he had three children. Edward fought on both sides in the Baron's War, at first with and then against Simon de Montfort. Later he was on the Crusade till 1274. Back in England, he subdued Wales and went on successful expeditons in Scotland and France. By re-issuing Magna Carta and the Forest Laws Edward tried to abolish abuses of his administrators. In Scottish affairs Edward favoured John Baillol, which aroused the oppsition first of William Wallace, whom he defeated, and later of Robert Bruce, who remained a problem to Edward II.

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